GSM

GSM test (gram/m²) is the measurement of the mass of fabric per unit area. Samples cut in a certain area are weighed after conditioning in a standard atmosphere and the result is proportioned to square meters. It is the most basic defining characteristic of the fabric; It is almost always included in the order specifications.

The purpose is to verify whether the delivered fabric is in the ordered weight. Weight directly affects both cost and usage properties such as strength, covering ability and touch.

• Woven and knitted fabrics
• Non-woven surfaces (nonwoven)
• Coated and laminated fabrics
• Towels and home textiles
• Technical textiles and geotextiles

• TS EN 12127 (mass per unit area with small samples)
• TS EN ISO 3801 (woven fabric — unit length and unit area mass)
• ASTM D3776 / D3776M
• TS EN ISO 9073-1 (non-woven surfaces)
• TS EN ISO 139 (conditioning atmosphere)

Conditioning

20 °C ± 2 °C, 65 ± 4% relative humidity (ISO 139)

sample area

Usually with a 100 cm² circular cutting die

Number of repetitions

At least five samples; The result is given as an average

• Circular sample cutting die (100 cm²)
• Hassas terazi (0,001 g)
• Conditioning room or cabin

• Samples should be taken from at least five points spread across the fabric.
• It should be cut at least 10 cm from the edge.
• Samples are not taken from wrinkles, fold marks and defective areas.
• The sample cutting die must be sharp; Reduces fiber loss at the edges

The measurement itself is short; It is the conditioning that determines the duration. The sample must equilibrate in a standard atmosphere and this time varies depending on the type of fabric, initial moisture content and thickness.

1. 1The samples are conditioned in a standard atmosphere until they reach equilibrium.
2. 2Samples are cut in a certain area with a mold.
3. 3Each sample is weighed separately.
4. 4The mass is converted to g/m² by dividing by the sample area.
5. 5The mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation are calculated.

Acceptance criteria are the nominal weight and tolerance band in the order specification (e.g. ±5%). The standard does not prescribe a tolerance; The tolerance is determined by the contract between the buyer and the seller.

In addition to the average, the coefficient of variation is also evaluated: if the average holds but the distribution is wide, the fabric is uneven along its width and affects the cutting efficiency. For coated fabrics, total weight and base fabric weight must be reported separately.

• Sample description and regions where it was taken
• Conditioning conditions
• Mass and area of ​​each sample
• Average g/m², standard deviation and coefficient of variation

EUROLAB holds internationally recognised accreditation obtained from accreditation bodies party to the IAF and ILAC multilateral recognition arrangements, under ISO/IEC 17025 for laboratory testing, ISO/IEC 17020 for inspection and surveillance, and ISO/IEC 17021-1 and ISO/IEC 17065 for system and product certification. This chain ensures the reports and certificates issued are accepted worldwide.

Whether this test can be offered within accredited scope depends on your product and the standard applied; since accreditation is method-based, the scope is confirmed in writing at the quotation stage.

• EU 1007/2011 (textile fibre names and labelling)
• EU 1907/2006 REACH Annex XVII (restricted substances in textiles)
• Regulation on the Naming of Textile Products

The section below describes the field that the GSM test belongs to; the conditions and acceptance criteria of this particular test are given in the sections above. The scope specific to your product is confirmed in writing at the quotation stage.

• Fiber Composition
• Tear
• Bursting
• Pilling
• Dimensional Stability
• Shrinkage
• Water Resistance
• Air Permeability
• Tensile
• Abrasion
• Formaldehyde
• Azo Dyes